Lock.



W. S. BALL.

LOCK.

APPLICATION IILBD APR. 29. 1913. 1, 1 03,897. Patented July 14, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1. Eig. a

EIHS

W. S. BALL.

WITNESS ES:

IN VENTOR WALDON S., BALL, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.'

LOCK.

Speciiication of Letters Patent.

Patented July 14E, 1914..

Application mea april 2e, 1ers. serial No. 7a4-,355.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WALDoN S. BALL, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a lock, and particularly pertains to a permutation lock of the interchangeable key type.

It is the object of this invention to provide a lock which is so constructed that it may be locked by a large number of different keys, and unlocked only by the key employed in locking it. y

.A further object is to provide a lock of the above character which is especially adapted to be operated by a thin wafer-like key so that the keyhole of the lock will be extremely narrow, thus rendering it diflicult to insert lock-picking instruments therein.`

A further object is to provide a. lock which is especially adapted for use on safety-deposit boxes, lockers, and like structures provided for public use, which will not necessitate change or alteration in the construction of the lock when the deposit boxes or lockers change hands, and in which the key may be destroyed after being-,once used land a diierent key substituted therefor, so as to prevent the lock being operated by duplicate {eys made by unauthorized persons.y y

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention primarily resides in a dead bolt, a tumbler for locking the bolt in either its advanced or retracted position, key-controlled means for controlling the operation of the tumbler, manually operated means adapted to actuate the tumbler and advance or retract the lock bolt independent of the key, and a selective mechanismA operable by said manually-operated means cooperating with a key to permit the operation of the tumbler and lock bolt on the insertion of any one of a number' of different keys in the lock, and so constructed as to prevent the unlocking of the lock only on the insertion of the key employed in locking the lock.

The invention further consists of the parts and the construction and combination of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the lock in the unlocked position. Fig. 2 is a plan view with the top plate removed. Fig. 3 is a side eleva tion with the face plate removed. Fig. 4l is an inverted plan view with the bottom plate removed. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section on the line a-a of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is an end view. Fig. 7 is a detail in perspective of a key employed in the operation of the lock. F ig. 8 is a vertical transverse section on the line b-b of Fig. 3. Fig. 9 is a detail section on the line c--c of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a vertical transverse section on the line cZ--d of Fig. 3, partly in elevation. Fig. 11 is a detail section and elevation on the line c-c of Fig. 8. Fig. 12 is a plan view with the top plate removed, showing the lock in its locked position. Fig. 13 is a front elevation with the face plate removed, corresponding to Fig. 12. Fig. 14C is a detail in perspective of the lock tumbler. Fig. 15 is aperspective view of the boltloperating plate..l Fig. 1G is a perspective view of the tumbler locking bars and their pivotal guide housing. Fig. 17 isa perspective view of the tumbler controlling bars and their carriage. Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the rock shaft and theoperating members thereon. Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the lock bolt. Fig. 20 is a detail section and elevation on the line f--f of Fig. 12. Fig. 21 is an enlarged detail in plan on the line g-g of Fig. 13, showing the key in the lock and illustrating the manner in which the key controls the operation o1' the lock. Fig. 22 is a section on the line L-t of Fig. 21. 23 is a detail in plan, showing the se lector bars as engaged. by the lockingmbars. Fig. 24 is a detail in elevation with parts broken away of the key-controlled mechanism with the parts disposed in the positions assumed prior to the operation of the lock. Fig. 25 is a similar view, showing the parts as positioned on the initialv operation of the hand-lever when' a key is not inserted in the lock, Fig. 2G is a detail view in elevation with parts broken away ofk the key-con trolled mechanism in the position assumed when the key is inserted in the lock and on the initial operation of the hand-lever. Fig. 27 is a similar view, showing the parts in the positions assumed when the selector bars are engaged by the tumbler controlling bars and the tumbler is released to permit reciprocation of the lock bolt. Fig. 28 is a detail illustrating the relative positions of the selector bar, tumbler controlling bar, and

tumbler when the operation of the latter is prevented. Fig. 29 is a similar view, showing the parts in their relative positions onA the release of the tumbler.

In the drawings the lock casing is shown as rectangular in form and consists of a pairC of face plates A and B,`Inounted on end 'plate's C and D, Vand top and bottom plates f E and F attached to the end lplates C and D. f Beciprocally mounted inthe end plate D is, a dead bolt 2, which is constructed as shown 1Q in 19, v-and is adapted to be retracted so thfat tits outer end'will lie substantially flush y with'tl'e outer `face of the end plate D, as

shown 'in F'ig. 5; and to be advanced into thepsition'shown in Figs. 12 and 13, and in"dottedglin'es in Fig. 1, to engage a keeper ef suitable description, not shown. The n'daiiner of advancing and retracting the bolt 2 willvbe later,deseribed. i n Secredto'thefbolt 2, or integral there- 2o with, is'aplate' 8, formed with a horizontally Lexterifdiing slot 4, having lits outer vertical Ldgebevelechas indicated at 5. The plate 3 lis"disposed with its outer facefin slidable entact with'theinner yface of the plate A,

l infwh'ich position it is2 retained by means of guide screw 6, which ,passes-'through the slot 4 and lis threadedinto the face plate A, as 4shown 5; the screw 6 acting in conjunction Vwith the bolt opening in the end plate D 'to guide the bolt 2 on its reciprocal `mo`vemeiit ,t t p p l "Paralleling the'plate 3 and `:rigidly mounted 'on lthe bolt 2, or integral therewith, is a u l'bracket which is formed with a pair of "spa'ed vertical notches ,and 8 on its upper `tl'ge, "and a notch 9 ,o11 1its underside, lwliiclh is disposed mediate the notches 8 and 8'.. The bracket 7 extends inward-lyparallel ith vthefface plate B and is spaced a short distance therefrom. r Journaled in the faceplates A'and B is a ,froc'kshaft 10, which is disposed immediately 4back ofthe bolt,2 and slightly below the "bracket .7, as particularlyfshown in Fig. 3.

` '15v 'Mounted on the 'rockshaft 10, exterior of the, lockcasing and adjacent the face plate .,B, is a hand-lever 11, which is adapted to l 'bfe operated manually to actuate the rock shafft and rotate the latter lapproximately ',twofzthirds of a revolution, moreror less; the

hand-lever 11 normally depending downward in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 1 and abutting against astop pin 12 on the 5face plate B. A stop pin 12 is mounted onythe face plate B, and is so positioned as ,to .form anV abutment lforgthe hand-lever 11,

to limit 'the movement of the latter, as indicated im4 mata lines in rig. i. l

\ `Mounted v,on the shaft 10 adjacent to the `6,0 inner side of the face plate is a .crank 13 having 'a longitudinally extending lpin 14 on its outer ye ich which pin is positioned to c :engage a noto I 15 formed in the lowery edge vof horizontally disposedreciprocal plate 16, slidably mounted on theinner 4side of the vface plate B, as particularly shown in Fig.

1:11; the plate `16beingprovided with horizontal slots17 through which guide screws 18 extend and are threaded in the face plate B. The screws 1S form a bearing or support for the plate 16. The crank "13 nrin'ally extends downward approximately parallel with the hand-lever 11, as shown in Fig. 9, in which position it is clear of the plate 16, so that the rock shaft 10 may berotalted approximately half of its 4movement before the pin 14will engage the notch 15.1. lllhe plate 16 is dead; that is to say depends upon no springsfor itsyreciprocation in eitherdirec` tion, its movement lbeing occasioned 'only by the action rof the lcrank "13 Iand. pin 14, n

which onthe operation ofthehand-,lever 11 lacts to advance the plate 16 from the-position shown in Fig. 9 into the pos'itfien shown inFigz 2Q, or vice versa;` the pin '14 ymoving lin andlout of engagement with A`the notch 15 when 'the plate :16"'reaches theplimito'f `its movement in either direction, which movevment equals the cord of the traversed by the pin 14 during 'its engagement with the plate. i A, .Y lVlounted'on` theouterfend 'of lplate 16 fis a bolt-operating dog 19, in the form lofn a bent lever which is pivotedat20. tothe plate 16, withits long armextending'downwardly at a slight angle l,to lthe horizontal adjacent the outer face of the bracket 7,. Meu'ted on the dog 19 jis a pin 21, which extends fihvfwardlybeneath the Ilower edge of thebra'cket 7 and is adapted to rideinand, utfoffthe notch 9as will be later described; a helical `spring A22, having` one 'end attached yto ythe plate 16`and-'the other tothe shortarm of vthe dog, operating to exert an'u'pward 'pull on the long arm ofthe dog to normally 'cause therpin 21 to bear upward against the underside ofthe ybracket 7.

Mounted on the vouter end of theldog 19 is an vinwardly extending pin ,'23, .whichis Apositioned to be operated opposition to c thei spring 2,2 bya ixed cam 24 on the face -plate B, to move the ypin 21 out of engagement .with thc-notch9 on the forward and retracted movement of the bolt 2, las Vwill be later described. y. ,t

ltfou'nted in horizontal guides25 on the inner sides of the faceplates A and vis a carriage 26, which is disposed rearward of the shaftlO and spaced some Vdistance therefrom. Attached to the carriage 26 Iis a bar 27 which extends toward the rockshaft v1() and is turned upwardly at outerend to form a bearing shoe 28 which normally/foontacts a cam 29 mounted'on the rock shaft 10;

26 is an upwardly extending flange 3l, and supported on'y the upper' face of the carriage is a series of selector bars 32, in this case live in number, which bars extend parallel with the face plates A and B and have spaced downwardly projecting flanges 33 between the flange 3l on the carriage 26 and the rearward flange 33 on a selector bar 32; the springs 35 acting to normally retain the selector bars in their rearwardmost posi tion in relation to the carriage 2G and with the forward flanges 33 abutting against the front face of the flange 31, to limit the rearward movement Y'of the selector bars 32 in relation to thecarriage 2G. 1

Formed on the upper face of each selector bar 32 is a series of rectangular teeth 36, in

this case five in number, the teeth on the ad-` jacent selector bars being arranged in alinenient with each other so as to form parallel continuous channels or grooves 36 across the upper surfaceof the series of selector' bars, as particularly shown in Fig. 17. The selector bars 32 are of equal lengths, and are arranged in horizontal alineinent with each other, with their upper faces disposed on the same plane.

Mounted on the plate A, rearward of the,

guides 25, is a plate 37, which extends trans-` versely across the lock casing, with its outer' end terminating adjacent the inner face of the plate B. The upper face of the plate 87 is positioned slightly below thelower faces of the selector bars 32. A flange 37 on one edge of the plate 37 extends upward and slidably contacts the underside of the selector bars adjacent to their outer ends which normally project some distance rearward of the carriage 26. j

Mounted on the plate 37, or formed inA tegral therewith, is a guide plato 38, formed with an overhanging flange 38/ cuits inner face, the underside of which flange. is ap proximately on a plane with the upper face of the flange 37. Formed on the face plate B is a horizontally extending keyslot 39, which is disposed with its lower edge Ain alinement with the upper face of theplate 37 and its upper edge in alinement with the underside of the flange 38 and the top of the flange 37. The key slot 39 is designed to receive a key l0, particularly shown in Fig. 7, which key is in the form of a thin sheet of metal or other suitable material, having a series of projections ell extending upwardly from its upper face; the key slot 39 having vertical notches in its upper edge to accommodate the stops 41 and permit the insertion and yremoval of the key 40. rllhe projections ll on the key 40 are designed and arranged to be disposed in alinement `with the rear ends of the selector bars 32 when the key is inserted in the lock, as particularly shown in Fig. 2l; the projections il forming stops to limit the rearward movement of the selector bars 32 when the key is in the lock andthe carriage 26 is Vmoved to its'rearmost position, as will be later described.

Slidably Vmounted in thel plate 37 is a vertically disposed pin G, which is supported on a plate spring onthe underside of the plate 87 and is normally positioned with its .upper end projecting a short distance `above the upper face of the plate 37 in alinement with one of the selector bars 32, and in the path of travel thereof. The vpin G is so positioned that when the carriage 26 is moved to its rearmost position it will ope late to obstructthe movement of one of `the selectorv bars 32 so as to position the teeth 3G thereon in alinement with the notches B6 on the adjacent selector bars. The upper end of the pin G normallyk extends in the path of the key Afl() and is beveled on the side to-r ward thel key-slot 39, so that when a key l() is inserted inthe lock the end of the key will pass over'and act on the beveled end of the pin G in such manner as to move the latter downwardly in opposition to the spring H out' of the path of travel of the selector barsl 32. The kpin G is preferably ..1ectangular in cross` section and rides in a complish this purpose may be provided.

Pivotally mounted on the face plates A and B at 412, isa rectangular guide housing 43, which is' disposed above the plate 37 and forms a bearing for a series of bars la vwhich are loosely mounted in the housing 43 and are adapted to be reciprocated therein; the bars lil being provided for the purpose of controlling the operation of the lock tumbler, as will be later described. Formed Onthe forward ends of the bars all are downwardly extending projections or fingers 4:5, the front and rear lower edges of which are beveled, as at 46. The housing 4:3 is designed to be rocked vertically on its pivotal mounting Ll2, to carry the bars t4; therewith `and move the fingers /l5in and out of thev grooves BGand in and out of engagement with the teeth 36 on the selector bars 32 when the carriage 26 is in its rearmost position and the teeth 3G on the bars 32 are the inner tending vente with, ,the ee .lfifie :Pivetallv 'mounted at 49 'da the xtnsil 48, to 'swing in, a lhorizontal directionn'isaniarin 5 0, the onterend'of which extends forwardly lover the reckjshaft 10 in snch'position .as to be in Ithe path of travel of v4the plate 3,0n the: bolt v2 lthe vvertical outerjend yof the arm l being beveled ati/51 ,so .that lmay be Vreadilyengaged by the 'beveled portion 5 of 'the 'plate .3 kon e@ 'fawn movement Qf thebona to ro'ck the 'a1-m 50 to 'as'utermqst position. Mounted on the a'rinfOlisfa 'plate spring whichlbear's again/st lthefloin'yjbn the projection 48 and ,operates vto [normally ,retainy the Youter end of, the arm 50 fagai'n'st l i foiffth'e face rplate A or Ythe plate3on thebolt2. p .v me V. AFormed' 4onfthe'inner faeeof the adjacent its outer vend is, 'projeotion ,5.4, 'which is arranged 1to ybe,engaged by a cam monnted on the ,rocksha-ft 1Q', 4'1hef'ca'm 55 is so shaped ythatwhenfthe Iparts, are in their normal. position, as shownfinvFig, the projeetionw54von the arm 5Q`will'be ,engaged thereby lin sneh 'mal'llts to re- .,ta'in ,the forward |portion 'of `the Jguide housing 43pm its uppermost `position in opposition to the spring 47,'andzthere'by dispose the lingers ,45 on lthe bars 44 outoffengagement, with Athe teeth36 ofthefseleetorfbars 82;"the7cam 55 beingshaped to Invefrorn ',under the projection 54fonjthe arnl 50fon 'the rotation o f the shaft 10, .i'tofallow the spring 47 to actuatethe pivot'd guide 'hens ing 43cand move theJ onterends ofy the bars 45 ld'iu'rnw.rdly into 4the-grooves 36", as willl be, laterfdescribed. I f t, A l

Mounted on the underside ofthe yrear portion of the fpivoted lgnide housing 43 y1s a -plate.spring56, which has an upturned outer endadapted to extend rinto ,notches 571forined fonfthe underside's of 'the 4 4'adjaeent to their rear end`s;the sjgiri'rig 56 yncnrnal'ly engaging thebafrs'y .44 'to prevent longitudinal movement of the latter when the rear portion of the` 'guide housing ,48, is r'clnd ltoits lowermost position; yin, which position the notches 57 on adjacent 'bars win 'be 'in annemarie y, y,

Mountedon `the faceplate B, acent 'to fthe ltop vplate E, is la bracket 58, andfp'ivotally mounted. at 59 'thereon is a lever 'or tumbler 60. The, tnmbler 60 normally eX tends in a st ibstantiallyhoriaontal direction with its forward end terminating vvalor'igside of the inner lface of vthe notched bracketQ 'on the bolt 2,and with its rearvend, extend- ,ing over theforward endsoffthe bars 44. Mounted on the` forward yend of the tumbler 60 is a lpin 61, which 4is. designed to enga-ge 'tlie,'notch ,8 when the bolt 2 is in its retradted position, and to engage the notch "8 ,when the bolt in fits advanced 'positiointo vlock the bolt against movement 'either direction. A helical spring 62, having one a am@ 1,103,

jen' aacute te "the trauen 15s, tomas 'with .the -nearl portion of theztuinbl'ejr 160 andoperates to normallyfretain the forward end of the tumbler in its lowerniost position and yieldably hold vthe '.p'i'n4`61 in en- '70 ygztgeinent witheither of the notches 8 or 8. AFormed on lthe 'rearwardl end'of the tumbler 260 is` a downwardly yextending `port'ionpor heel 63, which normally rests on theupper faces yof the :bars 44, immediately v4forward i5 of a series *of* alined notches 6,5, 'formed in the upper faces. of 'saidY locking bars. rThe forward end of the tumbler V6() "has a ownwardly Aextending 'portion or te 64 `which terminates a short distancebelow the lower 30 edge offthabfalt, Qvfilldfextendsfn the -path of Ltravel ofthe' p'in 21 'on the.l og19 .whenthe plate 16 'isreciprocatei in such inanner that the 21 will operate .to rock lthe tumbler 60 'when 'the ali'ned'notches 65 Tg5 on the bars 44 haveib'en positioned 'directly y under the heel '63 'on lfthetumblere60, as will lbe hereinafter seft forth. a When the notches Y65 onthe ybars 44 are vdisposed Vout gofaline- A, ment with each ,otherh'or `0u`t 'of valinenient *o [with they), neelI ee jon the tumbler, edithe latter will befprevented 'frm being rocked yby. the ,pinar ,tQ move. the 'pin ei, @neef ,ither o'flthernotc'hes Sor 8'; andl when the tnmbler ,'60 is th'ns held 'against Lrocking"15 lation tothe heel`63 on lthe tumbler 60, that *105 ,thehee'l 63 will be -free lto, enter the notches y65, that the -tnmbler 60 will be rocked by the engagement of the vpin with the underside ofthe toe'64 in such manner as to cause 'the'k pin 61, lto move out, ,of engagement with"'*110 either thenotch S or Sfandpermit the pin k21 to engage the notch 9 and thereby allow A'the bolt 2 te -'be advanced, or retracted by the operation of the rckshaft 10.

The function of the key 40 "s vto the pin G and obstruct lthe movementof the selector bars l32 .on -the rearward movement ofthe Carriage 26, and te dispose 'the selector bars 32 in such position that the notches 36 between 'the kteeth 36 thereon will be ariglgo lranged in alinement with the lower ends of l the inge'rs45 von the bars 44, as Vshown in Figs.: 26 and 28, so that the spring 47 in operating to rock the housing 43 will move vtheouter lend yof the bars 44 downward and n125 cause the lingers 45Nto move into 'the spaces `36 between the teeth 36, as shown in Figs. 27 and ,29, and thereby dispose lthe channel `formed by the notches 65 immediately `underv the heel e3 on the tumbler '60, to fpem'iit the v712,0

This is the case when thebolt 2 'is in csitherll'oo depressh e tumbler being operated. The tumbler is prevented from being operated when a key is not in the lock by reason of the pin G act-v ing yto dispose one of 4the selector bars 32, when the carriage 26 is moved rearwardly, so that one of the teeth 86 on the bar 32 will be positioned beneath a finger 45 on one of the bars 44, as shown in Fig. 28, and thereby prevent the outer ends of the bars 44 moving to their lowermost position.- The notches 64 on the bars 44 being so arranged that the shoe 63 will not enter therein, unless the outer ends of the bars 44 are in their lowermost position, prevents the operation of the tumblery when the downward movement of the outer ends of the bars 44 is inhibited by a tooth 36, as just described.- This arrangement is effected by reason of the notches 65 being caused to travel on anv arc of a circle on the rocking of the housing 43 and by reason of the shoe 63 being so disposed that the notches 65 will advance and recede in relation thereto, and will not come into alinement with the shoe only when the bars 44 reach the limit of their downward travel.

In the operation of the lock three sepa-' 1 retract the lock bolt, and third,--the movements occasioned by the manipulation of the hand-lever when the bolt is advanced and after the key has been withdrawn from the lock. These several conditions are due to the construction being such that the handlever 11 is free to be operated with or without the key in the lock, and by which the op eration of the hand-lever will act to advance the lock bolt only when a key is inserted in the lock, and to retract the bolt only when the same key employed in permitting the operation of the lock bolt has beenreinserted in the lock.

rIhe operation in the first instance above recited is as follows: Assume the parts to be in their normal position, as shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, with no key in the lock and the hand-lever disposed in the normal position shown in full lines in Fig. 1. ing the hand-lever 11 upward to rotate the rock shaft 10, the first action that occurs is the rearward reciprocation of the carriage 26 by the action of the cam 29; the cam 29 immediately operating on the initial movement of the rock shaft 10` to move the carriage 26 rearwardly, through the medium of the bar 27 and shoe 28 in opposition to the spring 30; 'the carriage 26 carrying the yselector bars 32 rearward therewith. The cam 29 is so shaped as to move the carriage 26,

0n movand the selector bars 32 thereon, from the position shown in Fig. 24 to the position shown in Fig. 25; this movement of the carriage taking place on approximately onethird or less of the movement allowed the rock shaft 10. lll/hen the carriage 26 is in its rearmost position, as shown in Fig. 25, the forward row of grooves or notches 36 on the series of selector bars 32 will be disposed immediately in the path of travel of the lingers on the bars 44; the fingers 45 ybeing then positioned immediately above the grooves, rearward of the forward row of teeth 36. One of the selector bars 32, however, will be prevented from moving to its rearmostposition by the stop-pin G, so that one ofthe teeth 36 thereon will be disposed beneath the fingers 45 on one of the bars 44. The fingers 45 on the bars 44, being normally retained out of engagement with the teeth 36 on the selector bars 32 by the action of the cam permits of the rearward movement of the selector bars 32 with the carriage 26, as just described; all selector bars 82, except the one stopped by the pin G, being allowed to move collectively to their rearmostl position when there is no key in the lock. bars 32 and carriage 26 reach their rearmost positions, the cam 55 moves away from the projection 54 on the arm 5() and allows the spring 47 to move the extension 48 on the guide ho-using 43 in a downward directien and thereby rocks the housing 43 and causes the fingers 45 on the bars 44 to move from their normal position shown in Fig. 24 downward toward the space 36 between the end rows of teeth 36 o-n the selector bars 32,k as shown in Fig. 25. The bars 44 in moving upward at their rear ends are moved away from the spring 56 so as to disengage the latter from the notches 57 on the bars 44; the outer end of the spring 56 being held against upward movement with the housing 43 by pins 56 on the face plates A and B and engaging the outer end of the spring. The channel formed by the notches on the upper edge of the bars 44 will now be positioned adjacent the heel 63 on the tumbler 60 and in such close proximity thereto that the lower edge of the heel 63 will rest on the forward edge of the notches 65, as shown in Figs. 25 and 28. When the parts are thus positioned, the crank 13 will be so disposed that the pin 14 thereon will engage with the vnotch 15 on the reciprocal plate 16, so that a continued forward movement of the hand-lever 11 will cause the pin 14 to advance the plate 16; this advanced movement of the plate 16 taking place on approximately another one-third of the moveond step or movement of the rock shaft 10 the cam 2 9 willv act to retain the carriage 26 and the selector bars 32vin their rearmo-st Immediately before the' selector ment of the rock shaft 10. During this secnow operates to depress the dog 19 1n oppo- Y f 9 and passing from the end of the toe 64y position, as previously described@ The advanced movement of the plate 16 causes the pin 21 on the dog 19 to ride under and bear upward against the lower edge of the toe'64,`

on the tumbler 60 therewith, to rock the latter on its pivot 59. Movement of the tumbler 60, however, is prevented by reason ofthe shoe 63 t-hereon abutting against the upper faces of the bars 44 adjacent the forward edges of the notches 65. The toe '64' sition to, the spring 22 and serves to prevent the pin 2 1 from moving into engagement withfthe notch 9 on the underside of the bracket .7, g the pin 21 riding past the notch when the plate 16 reaches its forwardmost position. When this occurs, a pin 14 on the crank 13 rides out of the notch 15 in the plate 1.6, so that further forward movement of the latter is prevented. Continued movement of thehand-lever 11 to its final advanced position, indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1, causes the. crank'13 and pin 14 thereon to, move away from the plate 16 and at the same timecauses the cam 29`t'o move away from the shoe 28 on the bar 27, and thereby allows the spring 304 to restore the carriage 26 to its normally advanced position. The carriage 26 in moving toits forward position carries the selector barsV 32 therewith reason of a flange 31 on the carriage 26|r engaging the iianges 33 on the forward ends of the'selector bars 3 2. The

selector bars32 in moving forward with the carriage 2,6, carry the bars 44 therewith into the, position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 25.v TheV forward movement of the bars 44 takes lplace after the pin 21 on the dog 19 passes fromthe toe 64 on the tumbler 60,so that the. heel 63 will clear the notches 65 andperr'nit of the advanced movement of the bars 44. The returning of the hand-lever 11 to its initial positionafter the operation .l just described, the movements of the several parts'controlled thereby` will be reversed, so as; to restore thefparts' to the normal position shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive.

rllhe operation of the lock when the key 40 is inserted in the key-slot 39v is substantially the same as that just described with a few exceptions which will now be explained. When the key 40 is inserted in the key-slot 39, over the plate 37 ,the end of the key deil presses the stop-pin G, and when the'key Inentthe stops 41 being staggered and so tiene# arranged als tv dispose the barsQ ont, of alineinent with each other. The carriage 26 will continue to travel toits rearmost posi-l ltion after the selector bars32 abut against the stops 41. The selector bars 32, being thus Vheld stationary relation to the car-f' riage 26, causes the springs 35 to becompressed under tensionby reason of the flange.

31 on the' carriage 26 advancingony the pins 34 in relation to the flanges 33] onv the stationary selector bars 32. The selector bar's 32l will be positioned by the stops 41 on the,

key 40 so that the notches 36- betweenw, transverse row of the teeth on the s gl'etorf bars will be disposed immediately" under lingers 4,5 of the lockingv barsf44j, as shown;

inFigs. 26 and 28; the pin not now operating torestrict the movement of its seflector bar. The cam vw1ll not assume a,

position that will allow the spring 4f( to rock the housingv 43 and move the outer ends of the bars 44 ina downward direction, rlfhe spring 47 exerts a sufficient pull' upon they outerends ofthe locking bars 44 to cause the fingers 45 on the latter to enter the' notches l36', as shown in Figs. 27"and The channel formed by the notches 65 on the upper face, of the locking barsl 4,4 will be now disposed immediately under the? heel 63 on the tumbler The pin on the dog 19 Will new @Ome 'into engagement with the toe 64` on` the tumbler 60 will operate rock the latter on its pivot 59 and thereby move the heel 63 downward into the notches 65, as shown in Figs. 2'?` and 29. Thisaction causes thevpin 61 on the tumbler 6() to move upward out of engagementl with the notchx 8 on the bracket 7, carried by the bolt 2Q, and will allow the pin` 2,1 on the dog 19 to Venter'v the notch 9 on ythe underside of the bracke 7 in such manner that when thefpljate 1,61`is` advanced to its forwardmost position by the action of the crank 13, the r bolt 2 will befoar-A ried therewith to its forwardrnost position, as indicated in dotted lines'in Fig. 1 and in full lines in Figs. l12 and 13. When theibolt 2 reaches its for'warolIlOS/.JD position, the notch 8 on the bracket 9' will be, disposed the pin 61 on the tumbler 6,0;"whereupon the spring 6.2'will act to rock the tumbler4 60 and restore it to its normal positiony with the pin 61 extending into the notch 8 to lock the bolt against retraction;v the tumbler 6() Iin moving" to its normal position withdrawing the heel 63 from the notches 65 so that the carriage 26 may be restored toA itsnormal advancedposition. The carriage 2 6 in moying forward will carry the selector bars 32therewith; the selector bars 32 being in engage'- ment ywith the bars 44 causing the latter to advance, as before described, with the excep-v tion that the bars 44 will now, be positioned in staggered relation to eachother, as Shown in Fig. 13, so that the notches fthereon will be mit' 0f. @Heemst This positivilie 0f. the

iop

bars 44 is occasioned by reason of the selector bars 32 being thrown out ot' transverse alinement with each other by the staggered positions of the stops 41 on .the key 40, so that the fingers 45 on the bars 44 are engaged by different relative teeth of the selector bars. rlhis results in the several locking bars 45 being advanced different lengt-hs of travel on the restoring of the selector bars 32 to normal; the restoration of the selector bars 32 being effected by the action of the springs 35. Tvl/'hen the parts are Vthus positioned, the key40 may be withdrawn from the lock. The bolt 2 in moving to its advanced position, carrying the plate 3y therewith, causes the beveled rear edge 5 of the latter to ride from under the beveled end 51 of the lever so that the spring 52 will operate to rock the outer end of the. arm 50 against the inner face of the face plate A, as shown in Fig. 12, and thereby dispose the projection 54 on the arm 50 out of the path of travel of the cam 55. This permits of the operation of the hand-lever 11 when the bolt 2 .is in its advanced position, which on being moved back to its normal position when the key 40 is withdrawn from the lock will act only to reciprocate the carriage 26 and the plate 1G; these actions having no effect on the lock bolt by reason of the notches 65 being disposed out of alinement and thereby prevent rocking movement of the tumbler 60, so that the pin 21 will ride over the toe 64 and will be prevented from entering the notch 9 on the bracket 7. When the parts are thus positioned, the hand-lever 11 may be freely operated in either direction.

When it is desired to unlock the lock, it is necessary to insert a key 40 in the lock corresponding to the key employed in operating the lock; that is to say, with the projections 41 thereon disposed in the identical positions of the projections of the key employed in locking the lock. Shouldy a key having a different arrangement of projections 41 be inserted in the lock, the rearwardmovement of the carriage 2G on the reversed movement of the hand-lever 11 will cause the selector bars 32 to engage the projections -on the key and thereby cause the bars 44 to be variously disposed according to the posit-ions assumed by the selector bars 32. This invariably results in one or more of the notches G5 being disposed out of alinement with the heel 63 on the tumbler 60;, preventing the rocking of the latter and the consequent operation of the lock. When the proper key is inserted, however, the selector bars 32 will be caused to assume such positions in relation to each other when the carriage 2G is in its rearmost position as to dispose the notches 35 on the locking bars 44 in alinement with each other and immethe bars 44 being advanced by the action of the lspring 47 when the inclined face 46 on the fingers 45 engage the selector bar teeth 36, as before described. When the parts are thus arranged, the pin 21 will operate on the toe G4 to rockthe tumbler 60 and opposition to the spring 52, and moving the projection 54 on the arm 50 into the path of travel of the cam 55 in such manner that the latter will operate to rock the bars 44 and move the fingers 45 out of engagement with the selector bars 32, so that the parts will be restored to their normal position and the key 40 withdrawn. YWhen the notches are so positioned as to allow the tumbler 60 to rock and thereby permit the spring 22 to move the pin 21 into engagement with the notch 9 on the bracket 7, the stationary cam 24 will operate on the pin23 to throw the pin 21 out of engagement with the dog 19, so that the pin 21 will be disposed normally outl of engagement with the notch 9 when the plate 16 and the bolt 2 are in either their advanced or retracted positions.

The permutation of t-he lock is governed by the number of selector bars employed and the number of grooves or teeth formed thereon, as the possible number ot various positions of the selector bars 32 in relation to each other and to the bars 44 is controlled thereby. The keys 40 are formed with any number of stops 41 thereon, ranging from one to the number corresponding to the number of bars employed, and arranged in various positions in rows which may be two less,in number than the teeth on the selector bars; the stops 41 being disposed on difierent keys in various positions according to the combination or posit-ion of the selector bars it is desired to obtain.

It it is desired to advance and retract the bolt on each operation of the hand-lever when a key is not in the lock and the look is in its unlocked position, the stop pin G may be dispensed with.

Having thus described my invention, what 1 claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. 1n a lock, a pivoted tumbler, a dead bolt normally engaged thereby, a series of permutation selector-bars, means controlled by the selector bars controlling the operation of the tumbler, by which any one of a number ofkeys will be eiiective in locking the lock and onlya corresponding key ef- The bolt 2 `on its retractl feotive in unloekingthelook, manually.

operableinean's' eope'r'ating' with a key for actuatingv' the selector-bars f operatingy the tumbler and shifting thebolt.

2; lny a`lo`ek, amanually operable roekshaft, a carriage, means for reciprocating the carriage from the 'rook-shalt7 a dead? bolt, a; tunibleij'normally,y engaging the bolt when the bolt: is in an advanced'orlretraetedA position, meansV fornormall preventing` movementE of the tumbler, meanson the carriage adapted to beposit'ioned by a key vmitting )thel op 'lease the bolt,"

on` thereeiproeation of the carriage for pereration'offtlie tuni/bler to ref 3. Ina lofek, a manually operable roekshatt, a carriage, meanslor reeiprooatng Carriage from tlier`oek-shaft,' a deadbolt, a tumbler normally engaging the bolt when tlielbolt is in an advaneecl'or 'retracted4 position, means for normally preventing movement of' the tumbler, means on the loarriage adapted tobe positioned'by a key on the rreoiproeationof` the Carriage vforpermit-l ting theloperatien ofthe tumbler t0 release 'l the'fbolt, and means for:actuatingthe' tum-` bler vvhen thelatter is released'by thefroekshaft,

Ll,l In a? lock, a manually operable lroek- 1. v l, u v i bolt, a tumbler normallyengaging the bolt when the bolt isinanjadvanced or retraeted position, meansN for'norinally preventing Amovement of the tumbler, means on the ear` riage adapted to be'pos'itionedby a keyon they reciprpoation olf'y the carriage for permittingtl'i'e opefrationoffthe tumbler to re'- leas'ethe bolt, means forl aetuatlrigr the tumblerl when the latter is. released bythe rock- 'lslia,ft, and means eontrolled,y byf'the roek shaft for shifting'fthe bolt'yvhen the tumbler is released 'tliei"efrom,I

5. In' a look,y a deadbolt, manually oper- Y ablelmeans foifSlifting the b iolt, a piveted tumbler for normally holding` tlie bolty against` movement, and means eoperating withlanyone otavariety of keysV itfrI pei'- mittjing thev operationof the tumbler andY the advancement of the bolt andfoperable only by theI insertiiiA offthe key 4in the loek employed' in the advanfein!gy of' th bolt to permitfthe retraction thereof. f

6.`ln` a loek', Ya series of independently I movable selector-bars', manually y. "eperable, means forjsliiiting said, selection-bars, key

means forflimitiiligthe ot anyone or more of the selector-bars, a dead-bolt,"and

manually controlled y means .independent oli" the.' key! Operable ,Only flatherotonme' 0f,

the'y selector-bars lforadvaneing and retractlni ,the lQOlb v 7iA In a look, av series oitindependently mQvable Sele'CtOt-leafs. manually, Operable ymeans for shiftingy'said seleetorbars, key

means fpr limitingA thelmovement of any. one or 'more of the seleetoi'lbars, dead-bolt,

manually Controlled meansfindependent of.

the key operabley only onthe positioning of the seleotorrbars for adv'yanGing and retract-fA ingy thel bolt, said means operating 'tp` ad#A Vance"theY bolt on the"posit;i`oninig ofthe lsel'eetorj'barsbyf any .one'of a variety of i keys,

and operatingtofretraet thelboltionly onthev-, Y Y. .l same key previously employed in advancing the bolt.

"SJlfna'loek, a dead-bolt, awtumb-lertorv looking 'the bolt in either its advanced or `r`e traetedz I position, *key-Controlled Q means 'ffoiij contrai-nag; ai@ 'Wallingford' the s tambin manually o'peratedjnieans aldaptedlito -aetu'atei the tumbler and advanceorretraetnthe leekv bolt independent of tliekey, andla "seleet'iyef mechanism" operable said ,manually opere ated meaiiscoperatinoivith a key to permit thief op'ertion of' the tuiiriblerfand` look bolt on theinsertion of one number ofv dirlierent lkeysfinl the lock,'\and adapted to prevent the unleelhe', 0f!l 'the' lclfillv oil.,

the insertion Ioi" n' the key employed I in ylocking v look? l l 9, Ina look, a piyotedtumbler, a bolt normally engaged 'byu saidv tumbler and ac'lg'ilpted to bedreleazxsedby therookiiigofthe trlled szel'eetiye nieehanisinad'apted toj pre-y vent rocking' of the tumbler when the look has been looked and adapted s to fpermit the s keyis inserted inl theloekj. l s

'10,., A'loekjcomprisinfga series ofpermutation selection-bars, a pivoted tumbler, a`cle ad-= ynormally engaged the tumbler, means controlled the positioniii'gv of the seleeterf bars for ,permatting or' preventing movement of the tumbler, eoeperatfingg,` means for shiftf release of the'tu'mbler only when the proper ing' the Iseleotor-bars, tumbler and bolt, and

key lmeans for, 'positioniiigl .the selector-bars. ll. lnalchangeablepkey leek, the combi-` nation of adead-bolt, asingle p ivotedtuney blei normally engaged. ywith theibolt2 a hand leyer,"means by vvliiehthe operati-'on of the hand lever will aotuate4 the tumbler andl shift the bolt, and a keyeontroll'ed 'meeha selector-bars, means for throwing said 'bars in and .out ofengagement .with the'selector bars, )ai piyoted tumbler, av bolt'liioally enl.

gege@ thereby; @ne mtalsl'bif. Wllllell lll@ @1li-'f tumbler, ififianually operatedmeansifor roek-` ing'the tumbler tokrelease thebolt, means eofperialtingIA with' the ytumblefir lfreleasing means forV shifting' thefbolt,`raifi'd a keyieon gagement of the locking bars with the seecltor-bars will release the tumbler from the o t.

13. In a lock, a series of reciprocal toothed selector-bars, a series of roclable and longitudinally locking bars engageable With the selector-bars, means for throwing said bars in and out of engagement with the selectorbars, a pivoted tumbler, a bolt normally en-` gaged thereby, means by which the engagement of the locking bars with the selectorbars Will release the tumbler from the bolt, and means for reciprocating the bolt When the tumbler is released therefrom.

14. In a lock, a series of reciprocal toothed selector-bars, a series of rockable and longitudinally locking bars engageable With the selector-bars, means for throwing said bars in and out of engagement with the selectorbars, a pivoted tumbler, a bolt normally engaged thereby, means by which the engagement of the locking bars With the selectorbars Will release the tumbler from the bolt, and adapted to prevent the operation of the bolt when the locking bars are not in engagement with the selector bars.

15. In a lock, a series of reciprocal toothed selector-bars, a series of rockable and lon-y gitudinally locking bars engageable With the selector-bars, means for throwing said bars in and out of engagement With the selectorbars, a. pivoted tumbler, a bolt normally engaged thereby, means by which the engagement of the locking bars with the selectorbars Will release the tumbler from the bolt, adapted to prevent the operation of the bolt when the locking bars are not in engagement with thel selector bars, means for rocking the tumblerl When the latter is released, and means coopera-ting with the rocking of the tumbler for shifting the bolt.

16. In a lock, a carriage, a toothed selector-bar reciprocally mounted thereon, a pivoted bar mounted to be moved longitudinally engageable with the selector -bar, means for shifting the carriage, means cooperating With the carriage shifting means for moving the pivoted bar into engagement with the selector bar, a tumbler, and means for preventing the operation of the tumbler when the pivoted bar is out of engagement with the selector-bar and adapted to permit the operation of the tumbler When the pivoted bar is engaged by the selector-bar.

17. In a lock, a carriage, a toothed selector-bar reciprocally mounted thereon, a pivoted bar mounted to be moved longitudinally engageable with the selectorbar, means for shifting the carriage, means cooperating With the carriage shifting means for moving the pivoted bar into engagement With the selector bar, a tumbler, means for preventing the operation of the tumbler when the pivoted bar is out of engagement with the selector-bar and adapted to permit the operation of the tumbler when. the pivoted bar is engaged by the selector-bar, a bolt normally held against movement by the tumbler, and means for shifting the bolt when the tumbler is released therefrom:

18. lfn a lock, -a carriage, a toothed sesector-bar reciprocally mounted thereon, a pivoted bar mounted to be moved longitudinally engageable with the selector-bar, means for shifting the carriage, means cooperating with the carriage shifting means for moving the pivoted bar into engagement with the selector-bar, a tumbler, means for preventing the operation of the tumbler when the pivo'ted bar is out of engagement with the selector-bar and adapted to permit the operation of the tumbler when the pivoted bar is engaged by the selector-bar, a bolt normally held against movement by the tumbler, means for shifting the bolt when the tumbler is released therefrom, and key means for limiting the movement of the selector-bar in one direction to alter the point or engagement of the pivoted bar.

- 19. 1n a lock, a carriage, a toothed selector-bar reciprocally mounted thereon, a pivoted bar mounted to be moved longitudinally engageable with the selector-bar, means for shifting the carriage, means cooperating With the carriage shifting means for moving the pivoted bar into engagement With the selector-bar, a tumbler, means for preventing the operation of the tumbler when the pivoted bar is out of engagement with the selector-bar and adapted to permit the operation of the tumbler When the pivoted bar is engaged by the selector bar, a bolt normally held against movement by the tumbler, means for shifting the bolt When the tumbler is released therefrom, key means for limiting the movement of the selectorbar in one direction to alter the point'of `.ngagement of the pivoted bar, and separate means for limiting the movement of the selector-bar adapted to prevent the pivoted bar being engaged therewith and arranged to be operated by a key to permit the engagement of the bars.

20. A lock comprising a bolt, a pivoted tumbler, a tumbler locking bar, a toothed spring pressed selector-bar, `a lcarriage on Which the selector-bar is mounted, a rockshaft, a. cam on the rock-shaft for reciprocating the carriage, means controlled by the rock-shaft for rocking the locking bar, means for rocking the tumbler by the rock-shaft, and means controlled thereby for reciprocating the bolt When the locking bar is engaged by the selector bar.

21. A lock comprising a bolt, a tumbler, a tumbler locking bar, a selector-bar, a carriage on which the selector-bar is mounted, a rock-shaft, a cam on the rock-shaft for reciprocating the carriage, means controlled bv the rock-shaft for rocking the locking bar, means for operating the tumbler by the Inltestimopy whereof I have hereunto set rock-shaft, means controlledvthereby for remy hand n'the presence'of `t`Wo subscribing l0 eproleatng the 1001;;7 and means for goveln- -wtnesses v f inotie operation o the look by anyone ol .1 .y v

Vatfety of keys adapted to permit the un- -Y WALDON VS' BALL' locking of the lock onlyby the use of akey Witnesses: corresponding to the one employed in lockv JOHN H. HEBMNG, ing the lock. l W. W. HEALEY.

Copies of this patent 4may be obtained for ,five centsl ea'h, by addressing the Commissionei` of atents.

WashugtomDLG. 

